Aristotelian

Galilean

Gives final causes (Asks "Why?")

Gives antecedent conditions (Asks "How?")

Frequent is lawful 

Single case is lawful

Phenomena are dichotomies 

Phenomena are continua

Evaluations on dichotomies

Descriptive, not evaluative

Classification by appearances

Classification by function

Explanation by class membership

Explanation by antecedent conditions

Change results from changing the inherent nature of the object

Change results from changes in the environment