VISUAL
AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS:
Advances in Data Mining,
Reasoning and Problem Solving
Sections
1. Visual vs. verbal
reasoning
2. Iconic reasoning
3. Diagrammatic reasoning
4. Heterogeneous
reasoning
5. Geometric reasoning
6. Explanatory vs.
deductive reasoning
7. Application domains
8. Human and model-based
visual reasoning and representations
9. Conclusion
10. Exercises and problems
11. References
Abstract
Reasoning plays a critical role in decision making and problem solving. This chapter provides
a comparative analysis of visual and verbal (sentential) reasoning approaches
and their combination called heterogeneous reasoning. It is
augmented with a description of application domains of visual
reasoning. Specifics of iconic, diagrammatic, heterogeneous, graph-based, and
geometric reasoning approaches are described. Next,
explanatory (abductive) and deductive reasoning are
identified and their relations with visual reasoning are explored. The rest
of the chapter presents a summary of human and model-based reasoning with
images and text. Issues considered include:
cognitive operations, difference between human visual and spatial reasoning,
and image representation. One of the main our statements in this chapter is
that the fundamental iconic reasoning approach proclaimed by Charles Peirce
is the most comprehensive heterogeneous reasoning approach.
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